Class

Course Description

From the disbanding of Knights Templars in 1307 to the Peace of Westphalia in 1648; from the establishment of the Bretton Woods global economic regime in 1945 to current alleged "imperial nation-buildinglite" in Afghanistan, this year-long course will examine the evolving norms and rules of sovereignty in global politics. Is sovereignty a requirement for global security and prosperity? Or is it, as one analyst has stated, "organized hypocrisy"? With globalization, will we witness the retreat or the renewal of the legitimacy of state power? What are the "prerogatives of power and the limitations of law" in contemporary world politics? How should sovereignty be understood in an era of global non-state terrorism? Of state-sponsored terrorism? Our inquiry will be broad-ranging and multi disciplinary, probing current intellectual and policy debates, from the vexing issues of intervention, secession and self-determination, in such places as Eritrea and Kashmir, to the interdependent challenges of globalization. What challenges are presented to the global order by failing and failed states, from Colombia to Somalia? What was U.S. foreign policy decisionmaking in interventions in Somalia, Bosnia, and Venezuela? Russian policy in Chechnya? Why did intervention occur in Kosovo but not in Rwanda? In Sarajevo but not in Grozny? What are the consequences? How do we understand contested sovereignty in the West Bank? When should intervention occur, under whose authority, and how? How should Article 51 of the UN Charter regarding "selfdefense" be interpreted? We will probe national, unilateral interventionary actions as well as multilateral and alliance interventions. And we will examine the multiple, controversial mandates and cross border deployments of United Nations peacekeeping forces, including the creation of enclaves in Iraqi Kurdistan; the establishment of the temporary international trusteeship in Cambodia; the oversight of transitions to democracy in El Salvador and Mozambique; and the monitoring of borders to prevent conflict in Macedonia. What are the challenges of peacekeeping vs. peacemaking? What are the norms of coercive inducement? Of sanctions? What are the ethics, politics and costs of political interventions, from reversing coups to preemptive action aimed at destroying weapons of mass destruction? Is the concept of "armed humanitarianism" an oxymoron or a critical ingredient of global security? What are the roles for national or private armies? What are the impacts of humanitarian interventions, from preventing genocide or famine to disaster relief? What are the appropriate roles of governments, non-governmental organizations, and private voluntary organizations? How should we judge the legitimacy and accountability of NGO's? We will be concerned with dilemmas of individual vs. state sovereignty in human rights. How will the International Criminal Court and other international jurisdictional changes affect the Westphalian order? How do mass killings, refugees and the internally displaced peoples stress state sovereignty? In the international political economy, how are factors of technology and finance, transnational corporations, massive immigration, and the transborder flows of labor and capital transforming sovereignty? Have the power of markets and free trade outgrown the capacities of national governments? How will non-state authorities, such as accounting firms, influence the behavior of states? What is the efficacy of emergency economic intervention to change production structures, to create jobs, to employ former soldiers and to reduce unemployment? To offer, or to withhold credit? How have the leverage of international debt regimes, the structural adjustment demands of the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund and other international financial institutions transfigured sovereignty? What is the impact of tax havens and the commercialization of state sovereignty? How will the effects of volatile casino economies, transnational crime and corruption, and criminal cartels influence sovereign control and responses? And systemically, how are global ecological and environmental dilemmas and threats affecting, and affected by, sovereignty? What challenges do they and the "greening of sovereignty" pose for global governance? What is the relationship between international media regulations and efforts by nation-states to assert sovereignty and shape their images? How is sovereignty affected by remote sensing satellites? What is the impact of global telecoms and of Freedom of Information Act networks on knowledge structures? How do they control access to information, defining knowledge or influencing identity? Stretching the envelope, we will also be concerned with dilemmas of individual sovereignty in genomics. What will be the impact of the new maps of DNA knowledge and the transformative or transmogrifying power of biotechnology? REQUIRED AND RECOMMENDED TEXTS (To be read and referenced over two semesters) - Revolutions in Sovereignty: How Ideas Shaped Modern International Relations, Daniel Philpott - The Shield of Achilles: War, Peace and the Course of History, Philip Bobbitt - Beyond Westphalia? State Sovereignty and International Intervention, Gene Lyons and Michael Mastanduno, eds. - Altered States: Globalization, Sovereignty, and Governance, Gordon Smith and Moises Naim - Sovereignty: Organized Hypocrisy, Stephen D. Krasner - The Retreat of the State: The Diffusion of Power in the World Economy, Susan Strange - The Responsibility to Protect, Report of the International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty - Civil Wars, Insecurity, and Intervention, Barbara F. Walter and Jack Snyder, eds. - Turbulent Peace, The Challenges of Managing International Conflict, Chester Crocker, Fen Osler Hampson and Pamela Aall, eds. - Quasi-States: Sovereignty, International Relations and the Third World, Robert H. Jackson - Empire, Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri - Limits of Law, Prerogatives of Power: Interventionism after Kosovo, Michael Glennon - New and Old Wars: Organized Violence in a Global Era, Mary Kaldor - War Over Kosovo, Andrew Bacewich and Eliot Cohen, eds. - Intervention: The Use of American Military Force in the Post-Cold War World, Richard N. Haass - Virtual War: Human Rights as Politics and Idolatry, Michael Ignatieff - The Humanitarian Enterprise: Dilemmas and Discoveries, Larry Minear - Hard Choices: Moral Dilemmas in Humanitarian Intervention, Jonathan Moore, ed. - Saving Strangers: Humanitarian Intervention in International Society, Nicholas J. Wheeler - The Ethics and Politics of Humanitarian Intervention, Stanley Hoffmann - The Man Who Tried To Save the World: The Dangerous Life and Mysterious Disappearance of Fred Cuny, Scott Anderson - Saving Lives with Force: Military Criteria for Humanitarian Intervention, Michael O'Hanlon - The Price of Peace: Emergency Economic Intervention and U.S. Foreign Policy, David J. Rothkopf - Sovereignty as Responsibility: Conflict Management in Africa, Francis M. Deng, ed. - The Greening of Sovereignty in World Politics, Karen Litfin, ed.

Outward Bound Immersion

September 20-22, 2002 Sovereignty, Human Rights and U.S. Foreign Policy Resource scholars: The Honorable John Shattuck He is the chief executive officer of the John F. Kennedy Library Foundation; former U.S. Ambassador to the Czech Republic; and former Assistant Secretary of State for Democracy, Human Rights and Labor. He is the author of Freedom on Fire: Human Rights, Wars and the Roots of Terrorism. While serving in his Assistant Secretary of State position, he worked to end the war in Bosnia and negotiate the Dayton Peace Agreement; establish the International Criminal Tribunals for the former Yugoslavia and Rwanda; restore a democratically-elected government to Haiti; administer U. S. assistance to new and emerging democracies; and raise the profile of human rights in U.S. foreign policy after the end of the Cold War. As the executive director of the American Civil Liberties Union and national ACLU staff counsel from 1971 to 1984, he was involved in all major civil-rights and civil liberties issues during the Nixon, Ford, Carter, and Reagan administrations. During and after the Watergate crisis, he handled a number of prominent court cases on behalf of people who had been the targets of illegal political surveillance and wiretapping by the Nixon White House. Recipient, Roger Baldwin Award for his national contribution to civil liberties. Ellen Hume She is an experienced journalist, teacher, speaker, administrator, conference director and television commentator. While living in Prague, Czech Republic, from 1998-2000, she updated her thinking about journalism, the Internet and democracy, originally published in her prizewinning 1995 study, Tabloids, Talk Radio and the Future of News. As the founding Executive Director of PBS's Democracy Project, from 1996 to 1998, she developed special news programs that encouraged citizen involvement in public affairs. From 1988 to 1993, Hume served as Executive Director and Senior Fellow at Harvard University's Shorenstein Center on the Press, Politics and Public Policy. The recipient of numerous honors and fellowships, Hume has conducted journalism and democracy workshops throughout the United States, in Russia, Bosnia, Poland and the Czech Republic.

Lecturers and Advisors

September 2002 - February 2003 Andrew Bacevich Professor of International Relations, Boston University; coeditor, War Over Kosovo: Politics and Strategy in a Global Age; author, The Pentomic Era: The U.S. Army Between Korea and Vietnam

Denise Castronovo Academic Technology and GIS Specialist, Tufts University Computer Services Department

Michael Doyle Edwards S. Sanford Professor of International Affairs, Professor of Politics and International Affairs, and Director of the Center of International Studies, Princeton University. He is the author of Ways of War and Peace, a study of political philosophies of international relations, Empires, and UN Peacekeeping in Cambodia.

Juan Enriquez Author, As The Future Catches You and Flags, Borders, Anthems, and Other Myths; director, Life Sciences Project, Harvard Business School

Michael Glennon Professor of International Politics, The Fletcher School, Tufts University; Fellow, Woodrow Wilson Project "American Hegemony, Interventionism, and the Rule of Law"; author, Limits of Law, Prerogatives of Power: Interventionism after Kosovo; former legal counsel, U.S. Senate Foreign Relations Committee

Neva Goodwin, Co-director, The Global Development and Environment Institute (to be confirmed); editor, Michigan Press series on Evolving Values for a Capitalist World; supervisor, six-volume series Frontier Issues in Economic Thought

Hurst Hannum Professor of International Law, The Fletcher School, Tufts University; author, Autonomy, Sovereignty, and Self-Determination: The Accommodation of Conflicting Rights; legal consultant on East Timor, United Nations

Ian Johnstone Professor of International Law, The Fletcher School, Tufts University; author, Keeping the Peace: Multidimensional UN Operations in Cambodia and El Salvador and Aftermath of the Gulf War: An Assessment of UN Action; Officer, United Nations Peacekeeping

Stephen Krasner Senior director, National Security Council; professor of Political Science, Stanford University; author, Sovereignty: Organized Hypocrisy, Problematic Sovereignty, and Structural Conflict: The Third World Against Global Liberalism

Pierre-Henri Laurent Professor of History, Tufts University; editor, The European Community: To Maasricht and Beyond and The State of the European Union

Larry Minear Director, Humanitarianism and War Project, Feinstein International Famine Center, School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University; author, The Humanitarian Enterprise: Dilemmas and Discoveries

William R. Moomaw Professor of International Environmental Policy, director, Tufts Institute of the Environment, co-director, Public Disputes Program, Program on Negotiations, The Fletcher School, Tufts University; convening lead author, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change 2000

Amb. Jonathan Moore Author, Hard Choices: Moral Dilemmas in Humanitarian Intervention and The UN and Complex Emergencies; senior adviser, United Nations Development Programme; former director, Institute of Politics, Harvard University

Agnes Nindorera Fletcher School of Law & Diplomacy, Center for Human Rights and Conflict Management; Burundian Journalist, Radio Bujumbura; Former Nieman Fellow

Peter Rosenblum Projects director, Harvard Human Rights Program, Harvard Law School; former program director, International Human Rights Law Group; former human rights officer, United Nations Centre for Human Rights, Geneva

Rhonda Ryznar Lecturer, Academic Technology, Urban and Environmental Policy and Planning Department, Tufts University.

Tony Smith Professor of Political Science, Tufts University; author, Foreign Attachments: The Power of Ethnic Groups in the Making of American Foreign Policy, America's Mission: The U.S. and the Global Struggle for Democracy in the 20th Century, and "Good, Smart, or Bad Samaritan: A Case for U.S. Military Intervention for Democracy and Human Rights"

Jeffrey Taliaferro Professor, Department of Political Science, Tufts University

Peter Uvin, director, Program on Human Security, and professor of International Humanitarian Studies, The Fletcher School, Tufts University; author, The Influence of Aid in Situations of Violent Conflict, Aiding Violence: The Development Enterprise in Rwanda, and "Ethics and the New Post-Conflict Agenda"

Peter Walker Director, Feinstein International Famine Center, Tufts University; former head, Disasters Policy Department, The International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, Geneva; managing editor, World Disasters Report; director, Humanitarian Accountability Project

Abiodun Williams (F'85) Director, Strategic Planning Unit, Executive Office of the Secretary General of the United Nations; former special assistant to the Deputy Special Representative of the UN Secretary-General, United Nations Mission in Bosnia-Herzegovina, Haiti, and Macedonia; author, Preventing War: The United Nations and Macedonia

Peter Winn Professor of History, Tufts University; author, Americas: The Changing Face of Latin America and the Caribbean; academic consultant, Americas, PBS

Inaugural Leader-in-Residence

Roelf Meyer Chairman, Civil Society Initiative, South Africa; former Minister of Constitutional Affairs, South Africa (during both the De Klerk and Mandela presidencies); chief negotiator, National Party, talks to end apartheid. More info

Scholars-in-Residence

Gwyn Prins Coauthor, Understanding Unilateralism in American Foreign Relations; author, The Heart of War: On Power, Conflict and Obligation in the 21st Century; former senior Fellow, Office of the Special Adviser on Central and Eastern European Affairs, Office of the Secretary-General, NATO; Alliance Research Professor, European Institute, London School of Economics and Columbia University Phillip Bobbit Author, The Shield of Achilles: War, Peace and the Course of History, Democracy and Deterrence, and Tragic Choices; former director of intelligence, National Security Council; A. W. Walker Centennial Professor of Law, University of Texas More info

Practitioner-in-Residence

Timothy Phillips Founding co-chair of The Project on Justice in Times of Transition, now at Harvard University, is also a consultant to non-governmental organizations in the United States and abroad, including the US Agency for International Development (USAID) More info

Independent Research/Immersive Education

You need not go any further than your library and computer web sources to have a powerful and rewarding research experience, or you can carefully plan a project that takes you beyond the campus. EPIIC provides unusual opportunities for students to conduct research related to its annual theme. Last year, EPIIC students traveled to Egypt, Pakistan, Senegal, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, and Uganda, pursuing individually designed research projects. Potential research topics can either be theoretical or grounded in case-studies, e.g. identify the conditions under which it makes sense for the United States to pursue hegemonic power in the international realm, including arms control, human rights, and international environmental law; the use of refugees as political and military weapons in coercive diplomacy; tax havens and the commercialization of state sovereignty; the oxymoron of coercive humanitarianism, humanitarian intervention and U.S. policy; intervention and weapons of mass destruction; contested sovereignty, the tragedy of Chechnya or the struggle for a Palestinian state; the economics of conflict and relief interventions; the efficacy of economic sanctions; sovereignty and Native Americans in the twenty-first century; dilemmas of indigenous peoples' sovereignty and transnational corporations; and the global information revolution's challenge to the state. Your imagination, a disciplined mind, safety, and financing are the limits.

Rigor in Research

There is no statistical or methods prerequisite for this course. We will emphasize strengthening your quantitative, qualitative and analytical skills to help you match your research interests and questions with the most effective and appropriate methodology. Working with us will be Dr. Patrick Ball, deputy director of the American Association for the Advancement of Science's program in Science and Human Rights, an expert on statistics and computer methodologies; Professor Jim Ennis of Sociology; Susan Ernst, Dean of Research; Lisa Lynch, The Fletcher School; Beatrice Rogers, Academic Dean, School of Nutrition; and Dawn Geronimo Terkla, director of Institutional Research. -top-

International Symposium

The international symposium is an annual public forum designed and enacted by the EPIIC students. It features scores of international practitioners, academics, public intellectuals, activists, and journalists in panel discussions and workshops. This year, two of the Dr. Jean Mayer Global Citizenship Award recipients are David Halberstam and Leslie Gelb. David Halberstam is one of the nation's most distinguished social and political commentators, having written more than 13 books. His classic works include The Best and the Brightest, The Powers that Be, and The Reckoning. His most recent work is War in a Time of Peace: Bush, Clinton, and the Generals. While he was at The New York Times, he was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for his reporting on Vietnam.
Leslie Gelb, a Tufts alumnus, is currently the president of the Council on Foreign Relations. Prior to joining the Council, he held many notable positions at The New York Times, including Op-Ed page editor. In 1986, he won the Pulitzer Prize for explanatory journalism. Dr. Gelb also was an Assistant Secretary of State for Politico-Military Affairs and the director of policy planning and arms control for International Security Affairs at the U.S. Department of Defense.

Special Opportunities: Projected/Potential Events and Projects

Voices From the Field As part of Tufts' 150th anniversary, the Institute for Global Leadership hosted "Voices from the Field: Distinguished Young Leaders in International Public Service". The "Voices" are Tufts alumni who have been integrally involved in complex humanitarian emergencies, human rights work, refugee assistance, United Nations peacekeeping and other missions, preventive diplomacy, and conflict resolution. They have worked in Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, Bosnia, East Timor, Eritrea, Guatemala, Rwanda, Somalia, South Africa. They will return to participate in the EPIIC symposium weekend, a workshop, and career consultations. Contested Sovereignty: The Israeli/Palestinian Conflict Search For Common Ground, A Case Study in Virtual Diplomacy What are the links between policy, peace and geography? What was offered and rejected at Camp David? At Taba? What physical, political and economic prerequisites would allow for a viable Palestinian state to emerge in the West Bank and Gaza? What physical terms would allow for a secure Israel? Considering geographical contiguity, resource use, access to water, road networks and other infrastructure, demographic factors, Israeli settlements, demilitarized areas, buffer zones, surveillance sites...how can a potential two state solution be implemented? How should sovereignty in Jerusalem be adjudicated? What land exchanges and territorial rectifications are feasible? Where might a hypothetical NATO or other intervention force be located? This year EPIIC began a multi year initiative to consider the Israeli-Palestinian conflict through the prism of geography. Students examined the actual intended physical realities and consequences of the proposed Taba and Camp David aborted peace initiatives, began consideration of the physical prerequisites of a potential viable Palestinian State on the West Bank and Gaza, and the physical dimensions of demilitarization in the area. Intended as a long term GIS initiative with the GIS center of the Tisch Library, this year students mounted a critique and amplification of the controversial Israeli architect's exhibit banned in Berlin....and hosted by its creators, Rafi Segal and Eyal Weizman. As part of the orientation to this project Profesor Oren Yiftachel, the chairman of the department of Geography at Ben Gurion University spoke on the status of a shared Jerusalem and indicated his willingness to host students at his University Beersheva and at the NASA research center in Israel. Project advisers include: - Geoffrey Aronson A'76, director, Research and Publications, Foundation for Middle East Peace - Daniel Dubno, technologist and coordinator Special Events Unit, CBS News; pioneer in powerful graphic technologies, satellite imagery and visualization tools for major international news stories - Dr. Richard Johnson; former commander, U.S. Army Topographic Engineering Center; supervisor, Dayton Proximity Peace Talks - Jan de Jong, land use planning and documentation consultant, cartographer, FMEP - Mouin Rabbani A'87, director, Palestinian American Research Committee, Ramallah - Reed Kram, architect, Visual Artist, koolhaus, Sweden - Rhonda Ryznar, director, Tufts Geographic Information System Center - Muhammed Tal; senior adviser, Jordanian Mission to the UN - Salim Tamari, director, Institute of Jerusalem Studies; former coordinator, Palestinian Team, the Multilateral Peace Negotiations - Eyal Weizman, architect; author, "Politics of Vertical Geography: From Settlements to Sewage, from Archaeology to Apaches" - Oren Yiftachel, professor of Geography and Environmental Development, Ben Gurion University of the Negev; author, "Planning as Control: Policy and Resistance in Deeply Divided Societies" Collaborators include: Faculty for Israeli Palestinian Peace, the Foundation For Middle East Peace, the International Crisis Group, and The Tufts Geographic Information System Center. Project on International Corporate Governance and Accountability Assist in thinking through criteria, norms, standards, and best practices issues related to advising multinational companies and sovereign nations on human rights, labor, and environmental standards. Advisers include: - Dan Feldman, attorney, Division of Corporate Social Responsibility, Foley Hoag & Elliot - Lawrence E. Mitchell, John Theodore Fey Research Professor of Law at The George Washington University; author, Corporate Irresponsibility: America's Newest Export; director, International Institute for Corporate Governance and Accountability - April Powell-Willingham, director, Combined Programs in Ethics, Inclusion and Social Justice, and director, The Brandeis Institute for International Judges, Brandeis University - Balakrishnan Rajagopal, director, Program on Human Rights and Justice, MIT - Gare Smith, attorney and head, Division Of Corporate Social Responsibility, Foley Hoag & Elliot; former Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for Human Rights, U.S. Department of State Film Series Work with Human Rights Watch and others to create a campus film and speaker series around this year's theme, e.g. UN peacekeeping: "The Last Just Man", the story of Major-General Romeo Dallaire, in Rwanda in 1994 and "CRAZY", on the Dutch UN troops in Srebrenica. Ms. Andrea Holley, director of Outreach and Public Education for HRW and the director of the HRW International Film Festival, will lecture on the intervention/non-intervention discourse with clips from Afghanistan, Chechnya, and Gaza. Sovereignty and Identity: Music From national anthems to world and fusion music, work with Tunde Jegede, a renowned, London-based international composer, musician, and performer, and with local Tufts and Berklee College of Music faculty and students to conceptualize performances and forums, to demonstrate and discuss music, and to break down stigmatized cultural barriers. A cellist and kora (harp-lute) player, Jegede's work bridges African and Western Classical music, influencing his collaborative work with other artists in folk, jazz and world music. The first Innovations Composer of the Eastern Orchestral Board, he has composed and developed an orchestral repertoire for the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra, Britten Sinfonia, the London Mozart Players, and his work String Quartet No. 2 has been performed by the Brodsky String Quartet for their Beethoven Opus 18 project. Jegede is also the co-founder of The Axiom Foundation, a guild of composers known as "The Hermetic Renaissance". His albums include "Light in the Circle of Truth", performed with the London Sinfonietta, which also premiered his orchestral version of "Cycle of Reckoning" from the BBC2 television documentary about his work called Africa, I Remember. Sovereignty and Identity: Art Work with EPIIC veteran Kevin McCauley, a School of the Museum of Fine Arts graduate, on an exhibit of his art that he calls "Internal Migrations." McCauley received his MA from the University of Cape Town in sculpture and Postcolonial Studies and African Disapora Studies. "Who are the stateless peoples who reside and make commerce inside yourself?.....Internal Migrations" seeks to draw a parallel between the securities and inadequacies of the nation-state system and the success and failures of our notions of selfhood Global structures of citizenship are as powerfully exclusive as they inclusive. Similarly, modernist notions of the human subject obscure powerful aspects of the human psyche at the very moment they offer workable images of our selves." INQUIRY April 10-13, 2003 Inquiry is EPIIC's international high school global issues simulation program. The topic for 2002-03 is Sovereignty and Intervention in Africa. In pairs, students mentor (in person and via email) a high school delegation -- helping them understand the materials and issues, as well as preparing them for the simulation and facilitate the discussions at the culminating simulation on the Tufts campus April 10-13, 2003. Over 30 delegations from national public, private, and parochial high schools in seven states -- Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York, and Ohio -- and Washington, DC will participate in the program. For those of you interested in EPIIC but unable to commit the required time, there is an exciting full-credit, two-semester option available to participate in the Inquiry Teaching Group (EXP 91AF), EPIIC's secondary school program. In this, you will mentor national and international high school students, preparing them for the culminating role-playing simulation on sovereignty and intervention in Africa. The simulation will be designed by the EPIIC and the teaching group students, and it will be held at Tufts April 10-13, 2003. -top-

Syllabus

Tuesday, September 3

First day of class

Thursday, September 5

Overview of GIS Project
Guest Speakers:
Rhonda Ryznar &
Denise Castronovo

Tuesday, September 10

Readings:

• Altered States Globalization, Sovereignty and Governance, Gordon Smith and Moises Naim (handout)
• "Prologue" and "Introduction", from The Shield of Achilles, Philip Bobbit
  

  Thursday, September 12

  Guest Lecturer:
  Professor Pierre Laurent, History Department; author, European Integration: Theories and Approaches; editor, The European Community: To Maasricht and Beyond and The State of the European Union

  Readings:

• Beyond Westphalia: State Sovereignty and International Intervention, Lyons and Mastanduno (Introduction and Chapters 4 and 9) (book in the bookstore)
• "Are There Limits to EU Power Expansion?", from Sovereignty and European Integration, Madeline Wind (handout)
• "The Victory of the Sovereign State", from The Sovereign State and Its Competitors, Hendrik Spryut (handout)

  From the Inquiry Reader:

• "A Brief History of Constitutions of International Society in the West", Daniel Philpott -- 3
• "Conclusion: Two Revolutions, One Movement", Daniel Philpott -- 8
• "Despite Global Changes, National Sovereignty Remains King", William Pfaff -- 23
  

  Tuesday, September 17

  Guest Lecturer:
  Juan Enriquez is a senior research fellow and director of the Harvard Business School Life Science Project. His most recent book is As the Future Catches You: How Genomics & Other Forces are Changing Your Life, Work, Heath & Wealth. He is finishing Flags, Borders, Anthems, and Other Myths: The Impulse Towards Secession and the Americas, a book which looks at the effect of globalization and democracy on the Americas and its borders.

  He previously served as CEO of Mexico City's Urban Development Corporation, coordinator general of economic policy and chief of staff for Mexico's Secretary of State, and a member of the Peace Commission that negotiated the cease-fire in Chiapas' Zapatista rebellion.

  Readings:

• Selections from As the Future Catches You by Juan Enriquez (handout) (if you want to read the full book, the office has several copies that you can borrow)

  From the Inquiry Reader:

• "Too Many Flags?", Juan Enriquez -- 70
  

  Thursday, September 19

  Review of Readings to Date
  Readings:
  From the Inquiry Reader:

• "Sovereignty and Globalization: Government in a State of Confusion", Gordon Smith and Moises Naim -- 14
• "Sovereignty", Stephen D. Krasner -- 24
• "When Worlds Collide: A Debate", Marc A. Thiessen and Mark Leonard -- 31
• "International Law: The Trials of Global Norms", Steven R. Ratner -- 42
• "Self-Determination in an Interdependent World", Strobe Talbott -- 58
  

  Friday, September 20-Sunday, September 22

  Outward Bound Immersion Weekend

  Sovereignty, Human Rights, and U.S. Foreign Policy Guest Speakers:
  The Honorable John Shattuck: He is the chief executive officer of the John F. Kennedy Library Foundation; former U.S. Ambassador to the Czech Republic; and former Assistant Secretary of State for Democracy, Human Rights and Labor. He is the author of Freedom on Fire: Human Rights, Wars and the Roots of Terrorism. While serving in his Assistant Secretary of State position, he worked to end the war in Bosnia and negotiate the Dayton Peace Agreement; establish the International Criminal Tribunals for the former Yugoslavia and Rwanda; restore a democratically-elected government to Haiti; administer U. S. assistance to new and emerging democracies; and raise the profile of human rights in U.S. foreign policy after the end of the Cold War. As the executive director of the American Civil Liberties Union and national ACLU staff counsel from 1971 to 1984, he was involved in all major civil-rights and civil-liberties issues during the Nixon, Ford, Carter, and Reagan administrations.

  Ellen Hume is an experienced journalist, teacher, speaker, administrator, conference director and television commentator. While living in Prague, Czech Republic, from 1998-2000, she updated her thinking about journalism, the Internet and democracy, originally published in her prizewinning 1995 study, Tabloids, Talk Radio and the Future of News. As the founding Executive Director of PBS's Democracy Project, from 1996 to 1998, she developed special news programs that encouraged citizen involvement in public affairs. From 1988 to 1993, Hume served as Executive Director and Senior Fellow at Harvard University's Shorenstein Center on the Press, Politics and Public Policy. The recipient of numerous honors and fellowships, Hume has conducted journalism and democracy workshops throughout the United States, in Russia, Bosnia, Poland and the Czech Republic.

  Required Readings:

• Freedom on Fire: Human Rights and the Roots of Terror, by John Shattuck (manuscript)(handout)
• "Heartened In Haiti," in Democracy By Force: U.S. Military Interventionism In The Post Cold War World, by Karin von Hippel (handout)
• "Building Peace In Bosnia," by Elizabeth Cousens, and "Peacebuilding in Haiti," by Chetan Kumar, in Peacebuilding As Politics: Cultivating Peace In Fragile Societies, edited by Elizabeth Cousens and Chetan Kumar (handout)
• "Bosnia," and "Haiti," by Chantal de Jonge Oudraat, in Coercive Inducement and the Containment of International Crises, edited by Donald C. Daniel, Bradd C. Hayes, and Chantal de Jonge Oudraat (handout)
• "The Perils of Info-Democracy, " by Ted Koppel in Managing Global Chaos, edited by Chester A. Crocker and Fen Osler with Pamela Aall (handout)
• "The Media and U.S. Policies Toward Intervention: A Closer Look at the 'CNN Effect'" by Warren Strobel in Managing Global Chaos, edited by Chester A. Crocker and Fen Osler with Pamela Aall (handout)
• "Rulers and Ruled: Human Rights" in Sovereignty: Organized Hypocrisy, by Stephen D. Krasner (book in the book store)
• Human Rights as Politcs and Idolatry, Michael Ignatieff (handout)

  Recommended Readings:

• "Iraq: Containing Saddam Hussein after the Gulf War" in Rogue States and U.S. Foreign Policy by Robert S. Litwak (handout)
• "Iraq's Repression of Its Civilian Population: Collective Responses and Continuing Challenges", by Jane E. Stromseth, from Enforcing Restraint: Collective Intervention in Internal Conflicts, Lori Fisler Damrosch (ed.) (handout)
  

  Tuesday, September 24

  Reaction To Outward Bound

  Film: "Forsaken Cries: The Story of Rwanda", Amnesty International

  Thursday, September 26

  Rwanda, Central Africa and Intervention

  Guest Lecturer:
  Peter Rosenblum
  Clinical Director Peter Rosenblum joined the Human Rights Program at the Harvard Law School in the fall of 1996 and served as Associate Director until 2002. He holds an academic appointment as lecturer at the law school and oversees voluntary and for-credit human rights projects with students. He was formerly Program Director for the International Human Rights Law Group and Human Rights Officer for the United Nations Centre for Human Rights. He has engaged in human rights research and field missions in Africa, Eastern Europe, and Asia. His recent writing addresses human rights topics affecting Africa and human rights pedagogy in the United States.

  Readings (a few more will be added):

• Chapter 4: "Military Intervention in Rwanda's 'Two Wars': Partisanship and Indifference" (p.116-145), by Bruce D. Jones, from Civil Wars, Insecurity, and Intervention, Barbara F. Walter and Jack Snyder (eds.) (book is in the book store)
• "Intervention Is a Response to a New Moral Narrative", by Peter Rosenblum, Public Affairs Report, January 2000 (handout)
• "Bystanders to Genocide: Why the United States Let the Rwandan Tragedy Happen", by Samantha Power, The Atlantic Monthly, September 2001(handout)
• "Rwanda: Seven Years after the Genocide", by Donald M. Payne and Ted Dagne, Mediterranean Quarterly, Winter 2002 (handout)
• "The Defendant", from The Graves Are Not Yet Full: Race, Tribe and Power in the Heart of Africa by Bill Berkeley (handout) From the Inquiry Reader:
• "Regional Perspectives on Sovereignty and Intervention", Adonia Ayebare -- 286
• "Think Again: Africa", Marina Ottoway -- 288
• "African Responses to African Crises: Creating a Military Response", Robert I. Rotberg -- 307
• "Military Intervention in Africa: Intervention Unbound", Alex de Waal -- 314
• "U.S. Human Rights Policy toward Africa", Debra Liang-Fenton -- 327
• "Global Bystander to Genocide: International Society and the Rwandan Genocide of 1994", Nicholas J. Wheeler -- 379
  

  Tuesday, October 1

  Israel - Palestine

  Guest Lecturer:
  Barbara F. Walter, who is currently an associate professor at the Graduate School of International Relations and Pacific Studies at the University of California, San Diego. Prior to coming to UCSD she was a post doctoral fellow at the Olin Institute for Strategic Studies at Harvard University and a post-doctoral fellow at the War and Peace Institute at Columbia University. Publications include: "The Critical Barrier to Civil War Settlement"; "Designing Transitions from Violent Civil War"; Civil Wars, Insecurity and Intervention (co edited with Jack Snyder); Committing to Peace: The Successful Settlement of Civil Wars; and "Sabotaging the Peace: The Politics of Extremist Violence," International Organization, Spring 2002, with Andrew Kydd. She is currently working on a new project on the persistence of territorial conflict.

  Readings:

• Civil Wars, Insecurity, and Intervention, Barbara F. Walter and Jack Snyder (eds.)
• Chapter 1: "Civil War and the Security Dilemma", by Jack Snyder and Robert Jervis (p. 15-37)
• Chapter 2: "Designing Transitions from Civil War", by Barbara F. Walter (p. 38-72)
• Chapter 7: "When All Else Fails: Evaluating Population Transfers and Partition as Solutions to Ethnic Conflict", by Chaim D. Kaufmann (p. 221-260)
• Chapter 8: "The Rationality of Fear: Political Opportunism and Ethnic Conflict", by Rui J.P. De Figueiredo Jr. And Barry R. Weingast (p. 261-302)
• Chapter 9: "Conclusion", Barbara F. Walter (p. 303-310)
• A Concise History of the Arab-Palestinian Conflict, Ian Bickerton and Carla Klausner (handout)
• Chapter 8: The Search for Peace, 1973-1979 (p. 183-209)
• Chapter 9: "Lebanon and the Intifada" (p. 210-243)
• Chapter 10: "The Peace of the Brave" (p. 244-279)
• Chapter 11: "The Peace Progresses" (p. 280-312)
• Chapter 12: "Collapse of the Peace Process" (p. 313-351)
• "Conclusion" (p. 352-360)
• Problematic Sovereignty: Contested Rules and Political Possibilities, Stephen D. Krasner (ed.) (in the book store)
• Chapter 10: "The Road to Palestinan Sovereignty: Problematic Structures or Conventional Obstacles?", by Shibley Telhami (p.301-322)

   

  Thursday, October 3

  In-Class Exam
  

  Sunday, October 6

  Rabb Room, Lincoln Filene Building, 1:00-5:00pm

  Guest Lecturer:
  Philip Bobbitt
  One of the nation's leading constitutional theorists, Professor Bobbitt's interests include not only constitutional law but also international security and the history of strategy. He has published six books: Constitutional Interpretation (1991), Democracy and Deterrence (1987), U.S. Nuclear Strategy (with Freedman and Treverton, 1989), Constitutional Fate (1982), Tragic Choices (with Calabresi, 1978) and most recently The Shield of Achilles: War, Peace and the Course of History (2002). He has served as associate counsel to the President; the counselor on International Law at the U.S. State Department; legal counsel to the Senate Iran Contra Committee; and director for Intelligence, senior director for Critical Infrastructure, and senior director for Strategic Planning at the National Security Council. Bobbitt teaches constitutional law at the University of Texas, where he holds the A. W. Walker Centennial Chair.

  Readings from The Shield of Achilles:
  Everyone

• Chapter 5: "Strategy and the Constitutional Order"
• Chapter 13: "The Wars of Market-State: Conclusion to Book I"
• Introduction to Book II: "The Origin of International Law in the Constitutional Order"
• Chapter 17: " Peace and the International Order"

  In War and Peace:

• Book I: States of War: Elana, Zaki, Rebecca V., Lindsay, Naomi, Alia, Christine, Rob Sm., Aaron, Rebecca F., Lauren, Leah, Natalia, Mayte, Andrea, Jenna, Sarah Kl., Liv, Amiti, Zeleka, Sarah B., Lulu, Eugene, Rachel, Robina, Vicky, Damaris, Laura R.
• Book II: States of Peace: Zachary, Ben, Rob Sw., Kate, Nick, Hank, JR, Laura, Anya, Rachel, Sonia, Shai, Alex, Joe B., Elliot, Natica, Jen, Asi, Maarouf, Jeremy, Joe J., Frances, Margaret, Cedza, Nikais, Daniel S., Kari, Narissa, Daniel M.
  

  Tuesday, October 8

  Scenarios

  Guest Lecturer:
  Philip Bobbitt

  Readings from The Shield of Achilles:

• Chapter 24: "Challenges to the New International Order"
• Chapter 25: "Possible Worlds"
• Chapter 26: "The Coming Age of War and Peace"
• Chapter 27: "Peace in the Society of Market-States: Conclusion to Book II"
• Epilogue
• Postscript: The Indian Summer
  

  Thursday, October 10

  Review of Bobbitt

   

  Tuesday, October 15

  No Class (Monday's Schedule)
  

  Thursday, October 17th

  Central African Crisis - An Update